Serotype determination of Streptococcus pneumoniae

Serotype determination of Streptococcus pneumonia.

• Bacteraemia
• Pneumococcal meningitis

Pure culture, presumptively identified as S. pneumoniae, isolated from a normally sterile site (excluding the middle ear).

Specimens may be subject to rejection if they are not the appropriate sample type, a duplicate sample**, have insufficient volume, are not accompanied by relevant patient information, not on the correct requisition, or requisition is absent.

Isolate provided on culture medium.

Send as growth on culture medium or on a swab in transport medium.  Chocolate or charcoal media are recommended.  Cultures can be also shipped frozen on dry ice. 

Shipping of specimens shall be done by a TDG certified individual in accordance with TDG regulations. For additional information regarding classification of specimens for the purposes of shipping, consult either Part 2 Appendix 3 of the TDG Regulations or section 3.6.2 of the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations as applicable.

Invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Completed Isolate Submission Requisition for Streptococcus form including sender lab name, address, telephone number and email address. Patient age or date of birth, sex, culture reference number, clinical source, date collected, and test requested. Outbreak or specimens requiring expedited testing or phylogenetic analysis must be indicated as such on the requisition. The above information must be sent as a hardcopy with the shipment, and an excel file may be sent to nml.strepsti-lnm.strepits@phac-aspc.gc.ca.

Non-invasive isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae that are related to outbreak investigations may be submitted.

**Duplicate samples should not be submitted without prior consent as they may not be processed. Isolates collected from the same patient within 3 weeks are considered duplicates.

Serotyping using whole genome sequencing (primary) (8,9)

Serotyping using the Quellung reaction (secondary) (1-7)

30 calendar days

Outbreak associated or urgent isolates will be granted priority status and completed as soon as possible. Please contact Streptococcus and STI Section to notify of these requests.

***Turnaround times may not be guaranteed when isolates are submitted in large batches.

1. Austrian, R., Boettger, M. Dole, L. Fairly, and M. Fried. 1985. Streptococcus pneumoniae type 16A, a hitherto undescribed pneumococcal type. J. Clin. Microbiol. 22:127-128.
2. Henrichsen, J. 1995. Six newly recognized types of Streptococcus pneumoniae. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33:2759-2762.
3. Lund, E. Henrichsen J. Laboratory diagnosis, serology and epidemiology of Streptococcus pneumoniae. In: Bergan T. Norris JR, eds. Methods in Microbiology. London: Academic Press, 1978:241-262.
4. Oftadeh,S., Satzke,C.,Gilbert,G. 2010. Identification of newly described Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 6D using Quellung reaction and PCR. J. Clin. Microiol. 48:3378-3379.
5. World Health Organization. 2003. Manual for the laboratory identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial pathogens of public health concern in the developing world.  Chapter 5.  Streptococcus pneumoniae Confirmatory Identification and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. p45-62. Available at: ttp://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/drugresist/WHO_CDS_CSR_RMD_2003_6/en/
6. World Health Organization. 2003. Manual for the laboratory identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacterial pathogens of public health concern in the developing world.  Appendix 6.  Serotyping and Quellung Typing of Streptococcus pneumoniae. p 255-258.  Available at: http://www.who.int/csr/resources/publications/drugresist/WHO_CDS_CSR_RMD_2003_6/en/
7. Lo SW, Gladstone RA, van Tonder AJ, et al. Global Distribution of Invasive Serotype 35D Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates following Introduction of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine. J Clin Microbiol. 2018;56(7):e00228-18. Published 2018 Jun 25. doi:10.1128/JCM.00228-18.
8. Epping L, van Tonder AJ, Gladstone RA, Bentley SD, Page AJ, Keane JA. SeroBA: Rapid high-throughput serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae from whole genome sequence data. Microb Genom. 2018;4(7):e000186.
9. Kapatai G, Sheppard CL, Al-Shahib A, Litt DJ, Underwood AP, Harrison TG, Fry NK. Whole genome sequencing of Streptococcus pneumoniae: development, evaluation and verification of targets for serogroup and serotype prediction using an automated pipeline. PeerJ. 2016;4:e2477.

Pathogen Safety Data Sheets: Infectious Substances – Streptococcus pneumoniae

For Health Professionals: Invasive Pneumococcal Disease

National case definition: Invasive Pneumococcal Disease

Invasive Pneumococcal Disease